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Ancient Fayoum

Pharaonic era

Coptic era

Greece & Roman era

Islamic era

Agriculture

The main town in the oasis is located 85 km south of Cairo, 75 km from Giza Pyramids and 105 km from Cairo Airport. Its name is probably derived from ‘Fayoum’ meaning water. Although usually described as an oasis Fayoum is not fed by underground water, like the Western Desert oasis further south west, but by water from the Nile transported to this natural triangular depression by a series of canals. Having irrigated the oasis, the water runs into Lake Qaroun which despite having dramatically shrunk over the past few thousand years, is at about 215 sq km still Egypt's largest natural salt-water lake.

Originally named Crocodilopolis, then Arsinoe, Madinet El-Fayoum was the main place of worship of the crocodile god, Sobek. Apparently, during ancient Madinet, crocodiles were adorned with gold and fed honey cakes and meat by the priests. Of interest are the huge wooden waterwheels.

The waters of the Bahr Youssef are distributed throughout the oasis from Madinet, the capital of the Fayoum. Approximately 200 of the great waterwheels are located throughout the oasis. The Seven Waterwheels, a Fayoum landmark, are surrounded by mangos, palms and willows. A great stone obelisk was erected in honor of Senwosret I in Abgig during the 12th Dynasty. I think Fayoum is a nice place to visit.

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